HÄ°S794 - PLACENTA and MEOLECULAR EMBRYOLOGY
| Course Name | Code | Semester | Theory (hours/week) |
Application (hours/week) |
Credit | ECTS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PLACENTA and MEOLECULAR EMBRYOLOGY | HÄ°S794 | Any Semester/Year | 2 | 0 | 2 | 5 |
| Prequisites | ||||||
| Course language | Turkish | |||||
| Course type | Elective | |||||
| Mode of Delivery | Face-to-Face | |||||
| Learning and teaching strategies | Lecture Discussion Question and Answer Preparing and/or Presenting Reports Problem Solving | |||||
| Instructor (s) | Prof. Pergin Atilla, MD, PhD., Prof. Sevda Müftüoğlu, MD., PhD | |||||
| Course objective | Starting with the development of the placenta, fetal membranes, decidua and their relations with each other, their normal and changing antigenic profiles during pregnancy will be studied. Also, the genes and effective inductive mechanisms which are activated during early development to obtain the species specific basic body plan will be mentioned aiming to form a concept on molecular embryology. | |||||
| Learning outcomes |
| |||||
| Course Content | - Oogenesis, spermatogenesis/spermiyogenesis, fertilization, implantation, the development and developmental abnormalities of placenta, fetal membranes will be taught. - The normal and pathologic structure of the placenta and the antigenic profiles under normal and pathologic conditions will be discussed. - With the formation of the blastocyst the cells of the embryoblast begin to organize to form the basic body plan. In most species, further development occurs symmetrically around an axis. This is controlled by patterned expression of specific genes. The proteins coded by these genes effect the differentiation of the cells in the related tissues. As a result, one of the earliest manifestations of this pattern is the regular segmentation that is established along the cranio- caudal axis of the embryo. - One of the most important steps in embryonic development is gastrulation. Then the embryonic induction becomes much more important in the coordination of developmental events. | |||||
| References | 1. Carlson BM: Human Embryology and Developmental Biology 2. Moore KL, Persaud TVN, Torchia MG: The Developing Human. Clinically Oriented Embryology. 3. Larsen WJ: Human Embryology 4. Sadler, TW:Langman's Medical Embryology | |||||
Course outline weekly
| Weeks | Topics |
|---|---|
| Week 1 | Follikulogenesis, oogenesis, spermatogenesis, spermiogenesis |
| Week 2 | Ovulation, transport of the oocyte and spermatozoa, fertilization, cleavage division, formation of the blastocyst, implantation and molecular mechanisms. |
| Week 3 | Cell adhesion molecules and their role in development. |
| Week 4 | Development of the chorion, primary, secondary and tertiary chorionic villi, extraembryonic mesoderm, primitive uteroroplacental circulation, development of placental vessels. |
| Week 5 | Bilaminar germ disc, gastrulation, the molecular mechanisms involved in the development of the primitive streak, notochord, prechordal plate and in the inductive mechanisms of central nervous system development. |
| Week 6 | Induction of the mesoderm, left- right asymmetry, developmental axis, effective genes, signal molecules, receptors, segmentation, neural crest and its role in development. |
| Week 7 | Midterm exam |
| Week 8 | Fetal membranes, decidua: description, functions and amniochorionic membrane. |
| Week 9 | Immunology of pregnancy 1: Structure and function of the decidua. |
| Week 10 | Immunology of pregnancy 2: Antigenic profile of decidua. |
| Week 11 | Presentation |
| Week 12 | Structure of the placenta in normal and pathologic conditions. |
| Week 13 | Umbilical cord, Immunohistochemical profile of the normal placenta the changes in various pathological conditions. |
| Week 14 | The importance of chorion villus sampling and amniocentesis in prenatal diagnosis and the techniques used (culture, chromosome analysis, fluorescent in situ hybridization ) |
| Week 15 | Preparation to final exam |
| Week 16 | Final exam |
Assesment methods
| Course activities | Number | Percentage |
|---|---|---|
| Attendance | 28 | 5 |
| Laboratory | 0 | 0 |
| Application | 0 | 0 |
| Field activities | 0 | 0 |
| Specific practical training | 0 | 0 |
| Assignments | 2 | 10 |
| Presentation | 1 | 5 |
| Project | 0 | 0 |
| Seminar | 0 | 0 |
| Midterms | 1 | 30 |
| Final exam | 1 | 50 |
| Total | 100 | |
| Percentage of semester activities contributing grade succes | 32 | 50 |
| Percentage of final exam contributing grade succes | 1 | 50 |
| Total | 100 | |
WORKLOAD AND ECTS CALCULATION
| Activities | Number | Duration (hour) | Total Work Load |
|---|---|---|---|
| Course Duration (x14) | 14 | 2 | 28 |
| Laboratory | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Application | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Specific practical training | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Field activities | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Study Hours Out of Class (Preliminary work, reinforcement, ect) | 14 | 5 | 70 |
| Presentation / Seminar Preparation | 1 | 12 | 12 |
| Project | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Homework assignment | 2 | 5 | 10 |
| Midterms (Study duration) | 1 | 10 | 10 |
| Final Exam (Study duration) | 1 | 20 | 20 |
| Total Workload | 33 | 54 | 150 |
Matrix Of The Course Learning Outcomes Versus Program Outcomes
| D.9. Key Learning Outcomes | Contrubition level* | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | |
| 1. Gaining up-to-date knowledge and experience regarding fetal and neonatal effects of high-risk pregnancies (maternal auto-immune, iso-immune and hypertensive diseases; teratogenic substance-drug or substance-alcohol use, non-immune hydrops fetalis, intrauterine-perinatal infections); problems about traumatic delivery and also diagnosis, treatment and management of these babies before, during and after delivery. | X | ||||
| 2. Gaining up-to-date knowledge and experience regarding development, maturation, surfactant metabolism of lungs, respiratory physiology in newborns, respiratory evaluation - follow-up, diagnostic approach to respiratory distress, ethiopathogenesis and advanced treatments of severe respiratory diseases of the newborn (respiratory distress syndrome, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, important congenital anomalies of the respiratory system), mechanical ventilation support in newborns | X | ||||
| 3. Gaining up-to-date knowledge and experience regarding hemodynamic evaluation and follow-up of newborns, cardiotonic drugs, diagnosis, ethiopathogenesis, management and advanced treatments of severe circulatory system diseases (congenital heart diseases, patent ductus arteriosus, arrhythmias, pulmonary hypertension), preoperative and postoperative care in congenital cardiac disaeses, ECMO treatment. | X | ||||
| 4. Gaining up-to-date knowledge and experience regarding prevention of central nervous system damage in newborns, central nervous system monitoring, ethiopathogenesis and advanced treatments of severe diseases of the central nervous system (perinatal hypoxic ischemic injury, hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy, bilirubin encephalopathy, kern icterus, intraventricular-intracranial hemorrhage, white matter injury, periventricular leukomalacia, congenital malformations of the central nervous system, neonatal convulsions, apnea), hypotonia, neuromuscular diseases, retinopathy of prematurity, diagnosis, treatment and management of pain in newborns, identification of newborns with neurological-developmental high-risk and their follow-up. | X | ||||
| 5. Gaining up-to-date knowledge and experience regarding development of immune system in newborns, immunization of premature newborns, neonatal infections, sepsis, necrotizing enterocolitis, probiotic use in newborns. | X | ||||
| 6. Gaining up-to-date knowledge and experience regarding fluid, electrolyte, acid-base balance disorders in newborns, acute kidney injury, disorders of coagulation system (bleeding and thrombosis), hypoglycemia, hereditary metabolic diseases, disorders of calcium-phosphorus metabolism, diagnosis, treatment and management of osteopenia of prematurity | X | ||||
| 7. Gaining up-to-date knowledge and experience regarding current, new and candidate treatment methods in neonatal diseases (mesenchymal stem cell, cellular-regenerative treatment methods), acute and enzyme / new drug treatments given to rare hereditary diseases (genetic, neurologic, metabolic etc) in neonatal period, renal replacement therapies, ECMO therapy, preoperative end postoperative care in newborn?s surgical diseases. Gains up-to-date knowledge and experience regarding medical and technical equipment used in the field of neonatology and uses computer and information technologies effectively. | X | ||||
| 8. Learning ethical principles and problems related to perinatal-neonatal period and clinical research, ethics of scientific publications, legislation and legal regulations related to clinical research, their importance for the individual and society and to give genetic advice, obeys ethical principles. As an individual, behaves appropriately to laws, regulations and legislation regarding duty rights and responsibilities and also to professional code of ethics. | X | ||||
| 9. Acquires theoretical and practical knowledge required by the field of neonatology, offers short- and long-term solutions to problems, obtains up-to-date and evidence-based scientific knowledge, follows current international literature, produces research hypothesis by combining it with scientific curiosity. Learns clinical and experimental scientific research planning; project writing, execution, finalization; scientific presentation methods; article writing methods; scientific article evaluation and basic concepts and skills related to research and publication statistics. Analyzes the results of the research with statistical methods, documents the evidence-based reports and presents them in national / international scientific fields. | X | ||||
| 10. Presentations, discussions and questions the themes related to neonatal diseases, and also his / her theoretical knowledge and opinions about applications independently or as a team manner in national and international scientific environments, defends the results within the framework of scientific evidence and ethical principles. Is sensitive and responsible for the problems related to health care and health policies concerning baby-child-mother-family and community health within the scope of Neonatology. Produces short- and long-term solutions to problems in individual and social context. Knows the importance of team work in the field of neonatology, works as a leader and / or team member, conducts research. | X | ||||
*1 Lowest, 2 Low, 3 Average, 4 High, 5 Highest